Johannes Matthias Sperger (23 March 1750 – 13 May 1812) was a double bassist and composer from Austria. Sperger was born in Feldsberg and studied contrabass and composition in Vienna beginning in 1767. From 1777, he worked at the Archbishop of Pressburg's Hofkapelle. He was also a member of the Wiener Tonkünstlersozietät from 1778, performing multiple times with his pieces and as a soloist in their concerts. Sperger was a member of count Ludwig von Erdödy's Hofkapelle at Kohfidisch from 1783 until 1786. He worked as the first contrabassist of the Mecklenburg Schwerin Hofkapelle in Ludwigslust beginning in 1789. He created at least forty-four symphonies and several instrumental concertos, including eighteen contrabass concertos, sonatas, rondos and dances, cantatas, choral compositions, and airs. He died at the age of 62 in Ludwigslust.