Jean-Baptiste Accolay (17 April 1833 - 19 August 1900) was a romantic-era Belgian violin instructor, musician, conductor, and composer. His one-movement student concerto in A minor is his most well-known work. It was originally composed for violin and orchestra in 1868. Accolay was born in Brussels and studied violin at the Royal Conservatory of Brussels before joining the second cuirassier-regiment of Bruges as a solo flugelhorn player. He also played the first violin in the orchestras of the Namur and Bruges theaters. He began teaching solfège at the Bruges Conservatory in 1860. He also introduced the violin (1861-1864), viola (1864), string quartets (1865), and harmony later in his career (1874). Until his death in 1900, he remained at the conservatory.

In 1865, he cofounded the Séances de musique classique in Bruges, and in 1896, the Maatschappij der Concerten van het Conservatorium. He was also the conductor of the Brugse Jagers-Verkenners brass band.

Accolay's works for violin are mostly concertos, concertinos, or character pieces with piano or orchestral accompaniment.